Analysis of Science Behind Top 5 Mitochondrial Supplements in 2024

Ever wonder what keeps your body buzzing with energy? Meet mitochondria, the tiny powerhouses fueling your cells!

Mitochondria are often likened to cellular powerhouses that play a pivotal role in various critical processes within human cells. They are primarily recognised for their contribution to energy production, a function that impacts cellular survival, regulates pathways for cell death, and maintains redox homeostasis.

Additionally, it plays a role in heat generation, i.e., thermogenesis, contributes to immune function and participates in cell signalling. However, with ageing, there is a decline in mitochondrial function, highlighting the significance of age-reversing supplements and shed light on their potential benefits. This makes them a topic of interest, especially when considering the Top Rated Mitochondria Supplements in 2024.

Mitochondrial Health and Ageing

As we age, the performance of our mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses responsible for energy production, tends to decline. This decline directly affects the energy levels necessary for our cells and tissues to function optimally. Loss of mitochondrial function is considered one of the hallmarks of ageing.

The mitochondrial theory of ageing suggests that accumulating damage to mitochondrial DNA plays a significant role in ageing. This theory proposes that damage to mitochondrial DNA leads to further oxidative damage due to defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

The following are the factors contributing to the decline in mitochondrial health:

1. Environmental Factors: Exposure to pharmaceutical drugs and chemicals can inhibit ETC protein complexes and ATP synthase. Additionally, tobacco smoke has been shown to induce cardiac mitochondrial damage and dysfunction.
2. Genetic Abnormalities: Mutations or inherited changes in mitochondrial DNA can impair mitochondrial function.
3. Cellular Level Causes: Reduction in the electrical and chemical transmembrane potential of the inner mitochondrial membrane, as well as improper functioning of the ETC and irregular transport of metabolites can lead to mitochondrial decline.

Understanding these factors is crucial in developing strategies to support mitochondrial health and mitigate the effects of ageing. We can promote healthy ageing by addressing these underlying causes and incorporating supplements to improve mitochondrial function.

List of Top-Rated Mitochondria Supplements in 2024

For individuals dealing with chronic or fatigue-related illnesses, supplementation can be beneficial. Several mitochondrial supplements have been studied and proven effective. Below we have listed the Top 5 mitochondria supplements in 2024

NMN

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) is a promising age-reversing supplement that stands out for its ability to enhance mitochondrial function. It enhances NAD+ biosynthesis which improves mitochondrial efficiency for more effective ATP production. It supports DNA repair mechanisms within mitochondria, preserving their health and function.

Additionally, it enhances the body's antioxidant defence system, which is crucial because mitochondria naturally produce free radicals during energy production. By reducing oxidative stress, NMN helps protect mitochondria from damage, further supporting their function. As per a study, treating human kidney cells with β-NMN maintains mitochondrial DNA integrity through improved mtDNA replication.

Thus, it contributes to maintaining nucleotide pool balance within mitochondria. Overall, NMN emerges as a standout among one of the best longevity supplements and potentially slows down the ageing process.

Urolithin A

Urolithin A, a natural byproduct of gut bacteria, is gaining attention as a supplement to improve mitochondrial function. This has shown promise in animal tests and human molecular studies for stimulating mitophagy and maintaining mitochondrial quality control. Mitophagy targets and breaks down dysfunctional mitochondria, but it becomes less efficient with age, leading to a buildup of damaged mitochondria in the body.

A study involving supplementation of urolithin-A daily showed improved muscle function and greater ATP output, indicating enhanced mitophagy. Urolithin-A Mitochondrial supplement benefits appear to be centred on increased mitophagy flux, suggesting that its activation is associated with better mitochondrial respiration. It can be a promising addition to the list of Top Rated Mitochondria Supplements in 2024, showing promising effects on mitochondrial as well as muscle function.

Calcium Alpha Ketoglutarate

Calcium alpha ketoglutarate(Ca-AKG) supplement can also be considered one of the best longevity supplements, particularly for mitochondrial health, in 2024. AKG reduces mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species by activating SIRT3-dependent deacetylation, which stimulates Superoxide Dismutase 2, a potent antioxidant, activity. 

It also enhances antioxidative enzyme activities, scavenges ROS as mentioned earlier, and protects against ROS-induced diseases. AKG is an important part of the Krebs cycle, the energy cycle. By enhancing Krebs’ cycle functioning, calcium-AKG contributes to improved cellular energy levels, reduced fatigue, and faster cell recovery. Studies have shown that it can counteract H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell-cycle impairment while promoting DNA synthesis and mitochondrial bioenergetics in intestinal epithelial cells.

Additionally, it promotes mitogenesis by boosting the replication of healthy mitochondria. These findings highlight calcium-AKG's potential as a supplement to improve mitochondrial function and overall longevity.

CoQ10

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplement offers a range of benefits for mitochondrial health. It supports electron transport chain (ATP generation) performance, and energy production and maintains an adequate NAD+ pool and mitochondrial membrane potential, crucial for cellular function.

Furthermore, CoQ10 supports antioxidant defences, protecting mitochondrial membranes from oxidative stress. Its presence in both oxidized (ubiquinone) and reduced (ubiquinol) forms allows it to act as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions, transferring electrons and supporting mitochondrial biogenesis.

Antioxidants

Antioxidants act as protective shields for mitochondria, defending them against oxidative damage by neutralising harmful free radicals and promoting optimal cellular function. These antioxidants are among the many age-reversing supplements that support and enhance mitochondrial health:

1) Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) stands out as a potent antioxidant vitamin that has unique properties as a fat and water-soluble antioxidant, metal chelator, and anti-inflammatory supplement. This makes it a versatile tool for combating oxidative damage and supporting optimal cellular function.

ALA serves as an enzymatic cofactor to improve cognitive and mitochondrial function, highlighting its role in maintaining brain health and energy production. ALA may also work synergistically with L-Carnitine to enhance mitochondrial health, potentially increasing the number of healthy mitochondria.

2) Pyrroloquinoline quinone: Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) has gathered significant research attention for its potential as a mitochondrial supplement in 2024. It supports mitochondrial function in crucial tissues like the liver and neurons, while also reducing muscle atrophy in mice. Its effectiveness in neutralising harmful radicals, such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, underscores its role in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and mitigating oxidative stress-induced cell damage.

It demonstrates the ability to reduce levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhance the apoptosis of tumour cells, contributing to tissue protection through the regulation of redox reactions. Additionally, PQQ's ability to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation, along with its promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis, highlights its potential as a neuroprotective and anti-ageing compound, making it a promising addition to mitochondrial supplements.

3) Trans-Resveratrol: Resveratrol, available in the form of trans resveratrol supplements can be a promising mitochondrial supplement. Resveratrol enhances the scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Additionally, it reduces mtROS generation by promoting the enrichment of Sirt3, a key regulator of mitochondrial function.

Interestingly, similar increases in mitochondrial biogenesis have been observed in other tissues, such as the liver, adipose tissue, central nervous system, and cardiovascular system in mice, as well as skeletal muscle in humans, during dietary restriction. These findings highlight the potential of trans-resveratrol as a supplement to support mitochondrial health and function.

Decode Age Mitochondrial Supplements

Decode Age's Mitochondrial Health Bundle can be included in a personalized nutritional supplement regimen designed for those who prioritize cellular rejuvenation. This unique bundle combines the synergistic benefits of Ca-AKG and NMN, creating a dual-action formula that supports mitochondrial function and promotes optimal cellular health. Each component of this bundle has been carefully selected for its ability to preserve mitochondrial integrity and enhance energy generation, laying the foundation for long-term vitality and well-being.

Take charge of your mitochondrial health and experience a healthier and more energetic you with Decode Age mitochondrial supplements!

Conclusion

Top 5 mitochondria supplements in 2024 offer a range of benefits for supporting mitochondrial health and overall well-being. These supplements, including NMN, Ca-AKG, CoQ10, ALA, and PQQ, have shown promise in enhancing mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress, and supporting cellular energy production.

Each supplement works through unique mechanisms to target different aspects of mitochondrial health, such as promoting mitophagy, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and supporting mitochondrial biogenesis. Incorporating these supplements into your daily routine can improve your energy levels, reduce fatigue, and support healthy ageing. 

However, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen to ensure it is safe and suitable for your individual needs.

Take proactive steps towards optimising your mitochondrial health with the power of these supplements!

References

Mitochondria metabolomics reveals a role of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide metabolism in mitochondrial DNA replication
(Nomiyama, T., Setoyama, D., Yasukawa, T., & Kang, D. (2022). Mitochondria metabolomics reveals a role of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide metabolism in mitochondrial DNA replication. Journal of Biochemistry, 171(3), 325–338.)

Mitochondrial pathway is involved in the protective effects of alpha-ketoglutarate on hydrogen peroxide induced damage to intestinal cells
(Jiang, Q., Liu, G., Wang, X., Hou, Y., Duan, Y., Wu, G., Yin, Y., & Yao, K. (2017). Mitochondrial pathway is involved in the protective effects of alpha-ketoglutarate on hydrogen peroxide induced damage to intestinal cells. Oncotarget, 8(43), 74820-74835.)

Mitochondrial Protection by Resveratrol
(Ungvari, Z., Sonntag, W. E., Baur, J. A., & Csiszar, A. (2011). Mitochondrial Protection by Resveratrol. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 39(3), 128.)

FAQs

1) What do mitochondrial supplements do?
Mitochondrial supplements target various aspects of mitochondrial health, like promoting mitophagy, enhancing antioxidants, and supporting mitochondrial biogenesis. They can improve energy levels, reduce fatigue, and support healthy ageing when integrated into your routine.

2) What is the best mitochondrial supplement?
The best mitochondrial supplements vary based on individual needs, but popular choices include Ca-AKG, NMN, Urolithin A, Coenzyme Q10, Trans-resveratrol, and antioxidants. Select the most suitable based on their specific functions and proven efficacy.

3) What damages mitochondria?
Mitochondria can be damaged by nutrient deficiencies, environmental toxins, and oxidative stress. Ageing is an important factor which declines their function, making individuals more susceptible to age-related disorders and fatigue.

4) Does NMN improve mitochondria?
Yes, NMN improves mitochondria by decreasing cellular senescence, particularly in stem cells, boosting NAD+ levels, reducing oxidative stress and enhancing mitochondrial function. These effects are attributed to the increased activity of sirtuin 3 (Sirt3), a protein that helps regulate mitochondria and the antioxidant activity of NMN.

5) Are there supplement bundles to improve mitochondrial function?
Yes, there are supplement bundles designed to improve mitochondrial function. It's important to choose a bundle that aligns with your health needs along with solving mitochondrial function decline. Decode Age offers a mitochondrial health bundle, which includes supplements like NMN and Ca-AKG, known for their mitochondrial-supporting properties.